{"id":11356,"date":"2019-01-14T10:31:29","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T07:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/aort-kapak-ameliyati\/"},"modified":"2025-07-23T19:34:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T16:34:52","slug":"aort-kapak-ameliyati","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/aort-kapak-ameliyati\/","title":{"rendered":"Aortic Valve Surgery: Replacement &#038; Repair"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aortic valve surgery is a surgical procedure to treat serious disease of the aortic valve, the heart&#8217;s main pumping valve. It is usually performed in cases of advanced aortic valve stenosis or insufficiency to relieve the load on the heart and restore healthy blood circulation to the body. The surgery involves repairing the damaged valve (aortic valve repair) or replacing the dysfunctional valve with a completely new prosthetic valve. Today, these operations can be successfully performed with modern minimally invasive techniques such as closed aortic valve surgery as well as classical open surgery, allowing patients to recover faster.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Category<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Information<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Application Area<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The aortic valve in the left ventricular outflow of the heart<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indications<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, valve infection (endocarditis), valve degeneration<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Types of Surgery<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Valve repair or replacement through the armpit with closed heart or minimally invasive method.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cover Types<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mechanical valve, bioprosthetic valve (from porcine or bovine tissue), human donor valve (homograft)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surgery Process<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2-4 hours<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regeneration Process<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Average 3-5 days in hospital; full recovery 10 days.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Success Rate<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High (above) in experienced centers<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common Risks<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bleeding, infection, arrhythmias, risk of embolism, valve-related problems<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Long Term Follow-up<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lifelong use of anticoagulants in mechanical valves, regular control in bioprostheses<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alternatives<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TAVI method in patients of advanced age or at high risk of surgery<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prognosis<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If done in time before the onset of heart failure, life expectancy is very long<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1493575059\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1592221827\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-2140459471\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\" style=\"background-color:#02288a;\" >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-313061027\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1444499361\" class=\"col medium-4 small-12 large-4\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover border-gorsel x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1950525795\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/yavuz-besogul-banner.jpg\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/yavuz-besogul-banner.jpg 700w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/yavuz-besogul-banner-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/yavuz-besogul-banner-280x280.jpg 280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1950525795 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1444499361 > .col-inner {\n  border-radius: 20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1274689428\" class=\"col medium-8 small-12 large-8\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner dark\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 150%;\">Prof. Dr. Yavuz Be\u015fo\u011ful<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>>Turkey\u2019s Cardiovascular Surgery Doctor<\/p>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>Professor Doctor Yavuz Be\u015fo\u011ful is one of the first doctors to perform heart surgeries with minimally invasive methods in cardiovascular surgery since 1997. In Turkey, he published his first patient series on subaxillary (armpit) surgeries in 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004 in national and international scientific congresses and journals, and these were accepted in international and national congresses.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n\t<div id=\"gap-145001816\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-145001816 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/prof-dr-yavuz-besogul\/\" class=\"button white lowercase hide-for-small\" style=\"border-radius:15px;\">\n\t\t<span>About<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/iletisim\/\" class=\"button white lowercase hide-for-small\" style=\"border-radius:15px;\">\n\t\t<span>Contact<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row show-for-small\"  id=\"row-1073612898\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-391405282\" class=\"col medium-6 small-6 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/prof-dr-yavuz-besogul\/\" class=\"button white lowercase expand\" style=\"border-radius:15px;\">\n\t\t<span>About<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/iletisim\/\" class=\"button white lowercase expand\" style=\"border-radius:15px;\">\n\t\t<span>Contact<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1274689428 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -60px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-2140459471 > .col-inner {\n  padding: 30px 15px 1px 15px;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n}\n@media (min-width:550px) {\n  #col-2140459471 > .col-inner {\n    padding: 30px 30px 1px 30px;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1493575059 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n  padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n<h2><b>When is surgery needed for aortic valve disease?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The decision to operate for aortic valve disease is directly related to how much strain the disease puts on your heart and how it affects your daily life. Our main goal here is to intervene before irreversible damage to your heart occurs. The timing of surgery usually depends on two main factors. These are the presence of symptoms and concrete evidence that the heart is getting tired.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you have severe aortic valve disease and you start to experience some difficulties in your daily life, this is a sign that your heart is now sounding the alarm. When these alarm symptoms occur, it is vital to take immediate action, because left untreated, this condition can seriously reduce life expectancy. Here are the main symptoms to look out for:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath (especially with exertion or at night)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pain (like a feeling of pressure)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Head rotation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sudden fainting attacks<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rapid fatigue and weakness<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The presence of any of these symptoms, especially if severe aortic stenosis or insufficiency has been diagnosed, constitutes the strongest indication for surgery. All international medical guidelines strongly recommend aortic valve replacement (AVR) surgery in this situation.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How is the decision for aortic valve surgery made in asymptomatic patients?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sometimes our patients come to us saying &#8220;I have no complaints, I feel fine&#8221;. But this does not always mean that the heart is also fine. The heart is a sacrificial organ that tries to manage the situation until the last moment. Therefore, even if you have no symptoms, in some cases we may recommend preventive surgery. Our aim is to nip the problem in the bud before the heart quietly tires and suffers permanent damage. There are some important circumstances that we take into account when making this decision:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty in Pumping the Heart: One of the most important objective indicators is the contractility of the heart. The &#8220;Ejection Fraction&#8221; (EF) value, which we measure with echocardiography (ECHO), shows how much blood the heart pumps into the body with each beat. In a healthy heart, we expect this ratio to be ` or above. If it has fallen below P without any symptoms, this is tangible evidence that the heart is now beginning to weaken and the danger bells are ringing. Some current guidelines even recommend considering a drop in this value to the U-60 range as a warning signal to consider surgery, especially in younger patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abnormalities on Exertional Testing: Sometimes our patients mask their symptoms by slowing down their daily activities without realizing it. In such cases, a stress test, which we perform by walking you on a treadmill, can reveal hidden truths. If you experience shortness of breath or a sudden drop in blood pressure (blood pressure) during the test that you had not noticed before, this indicates that your valve is not able to meet the body&#8217;s increased blood demand, which may indicate the need for surgery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Very High Risk Findings: In some cases, the valve stenosis is so advanced that it is classified as &#8220;very serious&#8221; or &#8220;critical&#8221;. Findings on echocardiography, such as a blood flow rate of more than 5 meters per second, or a rise in blood tests of a heart failure marker called BNP more than three times the normal level, indicate a very high risk of sudden deterioration in the near future. In such high-risk patients, it is often a safer strategy to intervene without waiting for symptoms to appear.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Necessity to Have Another Heart Surgery: If a patient needs another open heart surgery, such as a coronary bypass, and also has a moderate aortic valve problem, we usually do both at the same time. That is, we perform the bypass and repair or replace the aortic valve in the same surgery session. This approach protects the patient from the risk of having a second major heart surgery in later years.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is a Heart Team and why is it important for aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the past, decisions about the treatment of aortic valve disease were usually made by a single physician. However, in today&#8217;s modern medicine, this has completely changed. A board of doctors from different specialties, which we now call a &#8220;Heart Team&#8221; or &#8220;Heart Council&#8221;, jointly makes the best treatment decision for each patient. This is the gold standard of patient-centered treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Heart Team tries to see the big picture by putting the patient&#8217;s condition together like pieces of a puzzle. This team includes specialists who play different roles. These experts are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cardiovascular Surgeon<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interventional Cardiologist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clinical Cardiologist (follow-up doctor)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cardiac Imaging Specialist (ECHO and tomography interpreter)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cardiac Anesthesiologist<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the patient&#8217;s condition, this core team may also include heart failure specialists, geriatricians and intensive care physicians. The aim of the team is to discuss all the patient&#8217;s medical data, films, test results, risk scores, age, lifestyle and, most importantly, the patient&#8217;s own values, expectations and preferences. As a result of this detailed evaluation, the most accurate answer to the question &#8220;What is the best treatment option for this patient?&#8221; is sought. Open surgery, closed surgery, TAVI, mechanical valve or biological valve? The advantages and disadvantages of all these options are discussed on a patient-specific basis and the safest and most effective roadmap is drawn.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What evaluations are performed before aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In order to plan the most appropriate and safest treatment for you, we need to carry out a series of detailed pre-operative examinations. These examinations not only provide a clear picture of the current condition of your heart and blood vessels, but also help us understand the risks of the procedure. There are key assessments made during this process.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Echocardiography (ECHO): Also known as an ultrasound of the heart, this test is the basis for diagnosis and follow-up. It gives us a clear picture of how much your valve constricts or contracts, the force of contraction of your heart (EF value) and the size of its chambers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography: CT is indispensable, especially when TAVI is an option. This three-dimensional film, taken in conjunction with an ECG, measures the diameter and area of the aortic annulus, where the new valve will be placed, to within tenths of a millimeter. This is critical information for selecting the right valve size and minimizing the risk of valve edge leakage. It also provides us with all the anatomical details, from the structure of the muscular vessels to be used for TAVI to the location of your coronary vessels, like a &#8220;road map&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coronary Angiography: It is performed to check for obstruction in the coronary vessels supplying the heart, especially in patients over 45 years of age or those with risk factors for heart disease. If a significant stenosis is detected, it is planned to solve the problem by bypassing this vessel during valve surgery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Risk Scoring: We use internationally recognized risk calculation systems such as STS or EuroSCORE II to objectively assess your risk of surgery. These systems use information such as your age, gender, comorbidities and the type of surgery planned to statistically estimate the possible risks over a 30-day period. These scores help us classify you as low, intermediate or high risk, and this classification guides us when choosing the treatment method (surgery vs. TAVI). However, it is important to remember that these scores are not everything; they are only a guide. The Heart Team makes the final decision, taking into account all this information and your general condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How is aortic valve replacement surgery performed?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aortic valve replacement, i.e. the removal of the dysfunctional valve and its replacement with a new prosthetic valve, has been the most reliable method of treatment for this disease for many years. This surgery can be performed with the traditional open method or with modern minimally invasive, or &#8220;closed&#8221; techniques, which are more preferred today.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Classical Open Method: This is the most widely known method. Under general anesthesia, the chest bone (the sternum or the faith board) is opened through a vertical incision in the midline. During the operation, the heart-lung machine temporarily takes over your blood circulation and breathing. The heart is stopped with a special inhalation, allowing the surgeon to work safely in a bloodless and immobilized environment. The surgeon meticulously cleans your own valve, which has become frayed and deteriorated, and replaces it with your new prosthetic valve (mechanical or biological) with sturdy sutures. At the end of the procedure, the heart is restarted and the chest bone is closed with special wires. An aortic valve replacement surgery usually takes 3 to 5 hours and the average hospital stay is 5-7 days.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minimally Invasive (Closed) Methods: Developed to reduce surgical trauma, accelerate recovery and achieve better cosmetic results, these techniques have become standardized, especially in the hands of experienced surgeons. when it comes to &#8220;closed aortic valve surgery&#8221;, there are two most common methods that come to mind:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Underarm Aortic Valve Surgery: In this technique, the chest bone is not cut at all. Instead, the heart is accessed through a small incision of about 4-5 cm on the side of the right chest, close to the axillary line, between the ribs. Because this method preserves the integrity of the breast bone, it significantly reduces postoperative pain, allowing patients to get up faster and return to their daily lives much sooner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mini Sternotomy: In this approach, only the upper part of the chest bone is cut in a &#8220;J&#8221; or &#8220;T&#8221; shape, about 6-10 cm, not the entire chest bone. This allows for a more stable recovery, preserving a large part of the bone while providing safe access to the heart.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These closed methods have many proven advantages, including reduced blood requirements, a shorter intensive care period and earlier discharge from hospital.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is the TAVI method and who is it suitable for?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) is not an alternative to open heart surgery. It is a procedure only for elderly patients who are at very high risk of having heart surgery. In this procedure, the chest cage is not opened. Instead, a catheter (a thin tube) is inserted through an artery, usually in the groin. The new valve, which has been compressed, is guided through this catheter to the heart and inserted into the diseased aortic valve, where it is enlarged. The old lid acts as a kind of scaffolding, while the new lid starts to work inside it.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Should a mechanical or biological cover be preferred?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the decision is made to have a surgical valve replacement, one of the most important choices for you and for us is the type of valve to be fitted. This choice is fundamentally based on the balance between resilience and the use of blood thinners and directly affects the rest of your life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mechanical Closures: These are ticking clockwork lids made of highly durable materials such as pyrolytic carbon. Its main features are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lifetime durability<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Very low risk of structural deterioration<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obligation to use blood thinners (Coumadin\/warfarin) for life<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constant risk of bleeding<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Need for follow-up with regular blood test (INR)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biological Valves (Tissue Valves): These valves, usually made from the membrane of the bovine or porcine heart (pericardium), are closer to human tissue. They too have their own characteristics:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No need for blood thinners (usually except for the first 3 months)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Providing more natural blood flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limited durability (average 15-20 years)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Structural deterioration over time, requiring a second operation<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>So, how do we make the selection?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, in patients under 70 years of age, we generally prefer mechanical valves because of their lifelong durability. in patients over 70 years of age, biological valves are a better option to eliminate the risk of bleeding and because the valve is more likely to last over life expectancy. with our patients in the &#8220;gray zone&#8221; between 70 and 75 years of age, we make this decision together. We will discuss in detail your lifestyle, your occupation, how you feel about the idea of using a blood thinner and how you feel about the possibility of having a second operation in the future, and make the best decision for you <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Is aortic valve repair possible?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is not always necessary to remove and replace the valve. In some lucky groups of patients, especially those with aortic valve insufficiency and whose valve leaflets have not yet become too heavily scratched and hardened, it is possible to repair the patient&#8217;s own valve. Aortic valve repair is a very elegant and effective method that saves you from all the potential problems that prosthetic valves can bring.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The major advantage of repair is that it preserves your body&#8217;s own tissue. This eliminates the need to use blood thinners and minimizes the risk of clots and infection. The repair is particularly successful if the cause of valve failure is prolapse of the valves (prolapse) or an enlargement of the root of the aortic artery (aortic aneurysm). Repair may also be a suitable option in patients with bicuspid aortic valves, which are often congenitally bifurcated. In this operation, the surgeon reshapes the sagging valves with special suturing techniques and, if the aortic vessel is dilated, replaces the vessel with special techniques such as &#8220;David&#8221; or &#8220;Yacoub&#8221; while preserving the patient&#8217;s own intact valve. In experienced hands, aortic aneurysm and valve surgery can be combined to achieve excellent long-term results.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is the Ross Procedure and what advantages does it offer?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ross procedure is a unique surgery, developed especially for young and middle-aged patients, which can be considered the pinnacle of biological solutions. In this surgery, the patient&#8217;s diseased aortic valve is removed and replaced with the patient&#8217;s own healthy pulmonary artery valve (pulmonary valve). This is a kind of autotransplantation (transplantation of the patient&#8217;s own tissue). The removed pulmonary valve is replaced with a human valve (homograft) from a donor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The basic rationale for this seemingly complex procedure is to place a living, growing and self-repairing valve in the aortic position of the heart, where it works the hardest and is subjected to the highest pressure. The major advantages of the Ross procedure are the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Does not require blood thinners.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its growth potential makes it ideal for pediatric patients.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The blood flow is so natural that no prosthetic valve can mimic it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Long-term studies have shown that the life expectancy of patients who undergo this surgery is almost the same as healthy people of their own age.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although technically challenging, with the right patient selection and an experienced surgeon, the results are superior to all other valve replacement options.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>What kind of treatment is the Ozaki Procedure (AVNeo)?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ozaki procedure is a technique to &#8220;custom-build&#8221; a new aortic valve using the patient&#8217;s own tissue. In this innovative method, the patient&#8217;s diseased aortic valves are completely removed. A piece of the patient&#8217;s own heart membrane (pericardium) is then made more durable with a special solution. Using special measuring instruments, the surgeon designs three new valves to fit the patient&#8217;s aortic root and meticulously hand-sews pieces of this heart membrane to the aortic annulus, creating a new valve that is all your own.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The basic philosophy of this method is to construct a valve that best fits the natural anatomy without introducing any foreign material into the body. This eliminates the need to use a blood irrigator. It is a very promising alternative, especially for young patients who are not amenable to standard repair or who do not want a mechanical valve, and the mid-term outcomes have been very successful.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Is it necessary to have aortic valve surgery again for an old biological valve?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The biggest handicap of biological valves is that they wear out over time. In this case, a second operation becomes unavoidable. In the past, this meant a second open heart surgery, the risk of which was higher than the first operation. Today, however, we have a much more comfortable option, especially for high-risk patients: Valve-in-Valve TAVI (Valve-in-Valve TAVI).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this method, the chest cage is not reopened. Instead, as with TAVI, a new TAVI valve is inserted, usually through the muscle, into the old surgical valve that has worn out. This uses the old valve as a scaffold, allowing the new valve to operate within it. This less invasive approach reduces the length of hospital stay and speeds up recovery tremendously. However, it should be noted that the process requires careful planning according to the type and size of the old lid.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What complications can occur after aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As with any medical intervention, aortic valve interventions have potential risks. Surgical (open or closed) and TAVI methods have different risk profiles, and these differences are important considerations when making treatment decisions. The main conditions that come to mind when complications after aortic valve surgery are mentioned are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The risks associated with surgery (SAVR) are usually related to the operation itself.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Major bleeding<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New-onset atrial fibrillation (a type of arrhythmia)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acute kidney injury<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wound site infection<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The risks associated with TAVI are more specific to the device and method used.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The need for permanent pacemaker implantation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leakage from the edge of the cover (paravalvular scalp)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complications in the intervening vessels (usually the groin)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stroke (stroke)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, the risk of death from aortic valve surgery is quite low thanks to today&#8217;s technology and experienced teams. For a low-risk patient, this rate is usually around 1-2%. However, it is important to recognize the risks associated with each method and to strategize accordingly.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How long does a replaced aortic valve last?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is the most critical question, especially for our younger patients. The durability of the fitted closure directly affects your long-term quality of life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surgical Bioprosthetic Valves: We have decades of experience with these valves. On average, the rate of intact functioning of these valves after 15 years is above . However, the younger the age of the patient, the faster the rate at which the valve tears.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TAVI Valves: The 5- to 8-year outcomes of current TAVI valves have demonstrated similar or sometimes even better durability than surgical valves. However, since TAVI technology is still new, we do not yet have clear data on the performance of these valves after 15-20 years. It is the most important research topic in this field.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How does life continue after aortic valve replacement?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A successful surgery is just the beginning of the story. Staying healthy for the long term requires effort on your part. Life after aortic valve replacement requires attention to some important points.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recovery Process: After open surgery, it takes 6-8 weeks for the jugular bone to fuse and it may take 2-3 months to regain your energy. During this period, you need to follow some activity restrictions. Recovery after TAVI is much faster; our patients are usually discharged within a few days and return to their normal lives within a week.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lifestyle Tips: Regardless of the method of treatment, it is very important to make some lifestyle changes to protect your heart.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quit smoking completely<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reducing salt consumption<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avoiding saturated fat and processed foods<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adopting a Mediterranean-type diet (plenty of vegetables, fruits, fish, olive oil)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regularly doing the exercises prescribed by your doctor<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cardiac Rehabilitation: We strongly recommend that you participate in a cardiac rehabilitation program after surgery. These programs give you the habit of exercising in a safe environment and offer professional support for a healthy lifestyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is the follow-up process after aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After aortic valve surgery or TAVI, all our patients need regular follow-up throughout life. The purpose of this follow-up is to check how well your new door is working, to detect possible wear and tear at a very early stage and to manage any long-term problems that may arise.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our most important tool in follow-up is echocardiography (ECHO). We perform a baseline ECHO on all our patients who receive a bioprosthetic valve before discharge. This records the performance of the valve on the first day, providing a reference point for future comparisons. Subsequently, as recommended by international guidelines, we perform regular checks with ECHO at 1 month, 1 year and every year thereafter. Thanks to these annual checks, we can catch even the slightest deterioration of the valve before you feel any discomfort and, if necessary, intervene in a planned manner before an emergency occurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What are the prices for aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most common concerns of our patients is, of course, the cost of the treatment. it is impossible to give a clear figure on &#8220;aortic valve surgery prices&#8221; because the cost varies greatly from person to person and from case to case. The main factors affecting the price are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type of procedure performed (classic open surgery, underarm closed aortic valve surgery TAVI)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type of closure used (mechanical closure, biological closure, seamless closure)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hospital where the surgery was performed (private, university, state)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Presence of additional procedures (e.g. simultaneous bypass surgery)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coverage rates of the Social Security Institution and private health insurance<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Can a disability report be obtained after aortic valve surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether or not you can get a disability report for aortic valve surgery depends entirely on your functional status after surgery. If your surgery was successful, your heart&#8217;s contractile force (EF) has returned to normal and your effort capacity has increased significantly, there is usually no disability. This is the purpose of the surgery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, if you have undergone surgery with advanced heart failure and the heart&#8217;s pumping power remains low despite the surgery, if you have severe rhythm disturbances or if you continue to have symptoms that severely limit your daily life activities, then after a detailed assessment by a Health Board, it may be possible to obtain a disability report with a certain percentage of disability according to the relevant legal regulations. This decision is based entirely on an objective assessment of your personal health.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"accordion_title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"accordion\">\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3217194085\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3217194085-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-when-is-aortic-valve-surgery-necessary?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3217194085-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">When is aortic valve surgery necessary?<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3217194085-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3217194085-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Aortic valve surgery is necessary when the aortic valve, which you can think of as the main door to your heart, is severely narrowed (aortic stenosis) or incompletely closed (aortic insufficiency). Narrowing of the valve causes the heart to work harder and incomplete closure causes blood to back up. If you suffer from shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting and medication is not enough, surgery to improve your quality of life and protect your heart may become unavoidable.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-956528882\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-956528882-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-long-is-the-recovery-period-after-aortic-valve-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-956528882-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">How long is the recovery period after aortic valve surgery?<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-956528882-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-956528882-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Full recovery after underarm aortic valve surgery usually takes 2-4 weeks. You may feel tired in the first days, this is very normal. If you have a desk job, you can usually return to work after 3-4 weeks. It is also recommended to wait 2-4 weeks to drive. Everyone&#8217;s recovery process is different; the important thing is that you listen to yourself and do not miss your doctor&#8217;s visits. Give yourself time to regain your former strength.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2463144249\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2463144249-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-should-mechanical-or-biological-valve-be-preferred-for-aortic-valve-replacement?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2463144249-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">Should mechanical or biological valve be preferred for aortic valve replacement?<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2463144249-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2463144249-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>This decision is made together, based entirely on your lifestyle, age and general health. Mechanical valves last a very long time, but require the use of a blood thinner for life. Biological valves, on the other hand, usually last 15-20 years and are usually suitable for patients over 65 or those who cannot use blood thinners. Together we will decide which option is right for you, prioritizing both your safety and quality of life.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-487125749\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-487125749-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-long-should-i-stay-in-hospital-after-aortic-valve-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-487125749-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">How long should I stay in hospital after aortic valve surgery?<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-487125749-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-487125749-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>After surgery, you will usually stay in intensive care for 1-2 days, followed by 4-5 days on the ward. During this time, our medical team will follow you closely and provide support with breathing exercises and wound care. If all goes well, the aim is for you to be discharged in 5-7 days in total. We are here to help you get back to your old life in no time!<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2863113960\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2863113960-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-is-aortic-valve-surgery-risky-and-what-are-the-possible-complications?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2863113960-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">Is aortic valve surgery risky and what are the possible complications?<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2863113960-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2863113960-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>As with any major surgery, aortic valve surgery has some risks, but today these risks have been greatly reduced (around 1-5%) thanks to minimally invasive techniques. Possible risks include bleeding, infection, stroke and arrhythmias. We minimize the risks with detailed pre-operative evaluations. Remember, the risk of not having surgery is usually higher than the risk of having surgery. Our goal is to bring you back to health safely!<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<\/div>\n<!-- Shortcode [comment-price-doctor] does not exist -->\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Blog Yaz\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-4 medium-columns-1 small-columns-1\" >\n  <div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-hastaliklari-nelerdir\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"Heart Disease: Types, Causes, and Symptoms\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"557\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/kalp-hastaliklari-nedenleri.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Kalp Hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Sebepleri\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/kalp-hastaliklari-nedenleri.jpg 621w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/kalp-hastaliklari-nedenleri-320x230.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-hastaliklari-nelerdir\/\" class=\"plain\">Heart Disease: Types, Causes, and Symptoms<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHeart diseases are conditions that impair the structure and function of the heart, leading to [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-nasil-calisir\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"How the Heart Works\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"711\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI-711x400.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI-711x400.jpg 711w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI-1400x788.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Ameliyatsiz-Kalp-Kapagi-Degisimi-TAVI.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-nasil-calisir\/\" class=\"plain\">How the Heart Works<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe heart functions as a muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the body. It consists [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-ameliyati-kac-saat-surer\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"How Many Hours Does Heart Valve Surgery Take?\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"565\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-ne-kadar-surer.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Kalp Kapak Ameliyat\u0131 Ne Kadar S\u00fcrer?\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-ne-kadar-surer.png 565w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-ne-kadar-surer-320x198.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-ameliyati-kac-saat-surer\/\" class=\"plain\">How Many Hours Does Heart Valve Surgery Take?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHeart valve surgery duration varies depending on the complexity of the case and the valve [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/bypass-ameliyati-ne-kadar-surer\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"How long does coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery take?\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"533\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18-640x480.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"bypass ameliyat\u0131 s\u00fcresi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18-640x480.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18-320x240.jpeg 320w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18-540x405.jpeg 540w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/profesor-doktor-yavuz-besogul-18.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 533px) 100vw, 533px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/bypass-ameliyati-ne-kadar-surer\/\" class=\"plain\">How long does coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery take?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCoronary bypass surgery duration depends on the number of blocked arteries and patient-specific factors. On [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-degisimi-hangi-durumlarda-yapilir\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"Kalp Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi Ameliyat\u0131 Nedir? Kalp Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"477\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/kalp-kapakcigi-degisimi.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"kalp kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/kalp-kapakcigi-degisimi.png 477w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/kalp-kapakcigi-degisimi-320x202.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-degisimi-hangi-durumlarda-yapilir\/\" class=\"plain\">Kalp Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi Ameliyat\u0131 Nedir? Kalp Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKalp kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi, kapaklar\u0131n ileri derecede daralmas\u0131 (stenoz) veya yetersiz kapanmas\u0131 (yetmezlik) durumlar\u0131nda, onar\u0131m\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-tamir-ve-degisim-arasindaki-fark\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"Kalp Kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tamiri ve Kalp Kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fimi Aras\u0131ndaki Fark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"501\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mitral-kapak-ameliyati.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Mitral kapak yetmezli\u011fi belirtileri\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mitral-kapak-ameliyati.png 515w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mitral-kapak-ameliyati-320x255.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-tamir-ve-degisim-arasindaki-fark\/\" class=\"plain\">Kalp Kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tamiri ve Kalp Kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fimi Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKalp kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamiri, mevcut kapa\u011f\u0131n korunarak yap\u0131sal bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u015flemidir. Kapak yaprak\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131, kordonlar\u0131 veya halka [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-ameliyati-sonrasi-yasam\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"Life After Heart Valve Surgery\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"613\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-sonrasi.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"alp Kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ameliyat\u0131 Sonras\u0131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-sonrasi.png 615w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/kalp-kapak-ameliyati-sonrasi-320x209.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/kalp-kapakcigi-ameliyati-sonrasi-yasam\/\" class=\"plain\">Life After Heart Valve Surgery<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLife after heart valve surgery involves a structured recovery period, with gradual improvement in physical [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-default box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n            \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-image\" >\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/hipertrofik-kardiyomiyopati\/\" class=\"plain\" aria-label=\"Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Symptoms &#038; Treatment\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"358\" src=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Hipertrofik-Kardiyomiyopati-640x358.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Hipertrofik Kardiyomiyopati\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Hipertrofik-Kardiyomiyopati-640x358.jpg 640w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Hipertrofik-Kardiyomiyopati-768x430.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Hipertrofik-Kardiyomiyopati-320x179.jpg 320w, https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Hipertrofik-Kardiyomiyopati.jpg 1165w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n  \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-center\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/hipertrofik-kardiyomiyopati\/\" class=\"plain\">Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Symptoms &#038; Treatment<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic heart disease characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge absolute top post-date badge-outline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"badge-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-day\">27<\/span><br>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-date-month is-xsmall\">Aug<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aortic valve surgery is a surgical procedure to treat serious disease of the aortic valve, the heart&#8217;s main pumping valve. It is usually performed in cases of advanced aortic valve stenosis or insufficiency to relieve the load on the heart and restore healthy blood circulation to the body. The surgery involves repairing the damaged valve [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9479,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-blank-title-center.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11356","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11356"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12063,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11356\/revisions\/12063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}