{"id":11059,"date":"2025-08-27T22:29:43","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T19:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/"},"modified":"2025-11-05T13:50:15","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T10:50:15","slug":"pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/","title":{"rendered":"Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Nedir? Belirtileri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi, kalpten akci\u011ferlere kan ta\u015f\u0131yan pulmoner kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam kapanmamas\u0131 sonucu, kan\u0131n sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011fa geri ka\u00e7mas\u0131 durumudur. Hafif formlar\u0131 genellikle belirti vermezken, ileri evrelerde kalp bo\u015fluklar\u0131nda geni\u015fleme ve sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirtileri aras\u0131nda \u00e7abuk yorulma, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, bacaklarda \u015fi\u015flik ve ritim bozuklu\u011fu yer al\u0131r. Baz\u0131 hastalarda dudak ve t\u0131rnaklarda morarma g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u015eikayetler genellikle altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fiddetine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi, do\u011fu\u015ftan kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131, ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f kalp ameliyatlar\u0131, enfektif endokardit, pulmoner hipertansiyon veya romatizmal hastal\u0131klar sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Tan\u0131, ekokardiyografi ile konur ve ileri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme y\u00f6ntemleriyle desteklenir.<\/p>\n<p>Tedavi, hafif vakalarda d\u00fczenli takip ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Orta-ileri derecede yetmezlikte, altta yatan nedenin tedavisi ve gerekirse kapak onar\u0131m\u0131 veya de\u011fi\u015fimi yap\u0131l\u0131r. Erken tan\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli takip, uzun d\u00f6nem kalp sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korur.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u0131bbi Ad\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi (Pulmonary Regurgitation \/ Insufficiency)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/td>\n<td>Kapak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Etkilenen Sistem<\/td>\n<td>Kardiyovask\u00fcler sistem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yayg\u0131nl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td>Genellikle hafif ve asemptomatik; konjenital kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 sonras\u0131 daha s\u0131k<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nedenleri<\/td>\n<td>Pulmoner hipertansiyon, konjenital kapak anomalileri, infektif endokardit, kapak cerrahisi sonras\u0131 (\u00f6r. Fallot tetralojisi d\u00fczeltmesi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Belirtiler<\/td>\n<td>Yorgunluk, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, egzersiz intolerans\u0131, periferik \u00f6dem, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 (ileri evrelerde)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tan\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/td>\n<td>Transtorasik EKO, Trans\u00f6zofageal EKO, Kardiyak MR, Kardiyak kateterizasyon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tedavi Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/td>\n<td>Hafif formlarda izlem; semptomatik veya ciddi durumlarda kapak replasman\u0131 (biyoprotez veya mekanik)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Komplikasyonlar<\/td>\n<td>Sa\u011f ventrik\u00fcl dilatasyonu, sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fi, aritmi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130zlem<\/td>\n<td>D\u00fczenli kardiyoloji kontrolleri, EKO ile sa\u011f ventrik\u00fcl fonksiyonunun takibi, gerekirse MR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Yaz\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Nedir\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Nedenleri_Nelerdir\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Nedenleri Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Varliginda_Hangi_Belirtiler_Gorulur\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Hangi Belirtiler G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Tanisi_Icin_Hangi_Yontemler_Kullanilir\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Tan\u0131s\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Hangi Y\u00f6ntemler Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Ne_Zaman_Tedavi_Edilmelidir\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Ne Zaman Tedavi Edilmelidir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Icin_Cerrahi_ve_Kateter_Yontemleri_Nelerdir\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Cerrahi ve Kateter Y\u00f6ntemleri Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Tedavisinden_Sonra_Hayat_Nasil_Devam_Eder\" >Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Tedavisinden Sonra Hayat Nas\u0131l Devam Eder?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\" >S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_nedir\" >Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Bu_hastalik_dogustan_mi_olur\" >Bu hastal\u0131k do\u011fu\u015ftan m\u0131 olur?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezliginin_belirtileri_nelerdir\" >Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011finin belirtileri nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Bu_durum_nasil_teshis_edilir\" >Bu durum nas\u0131l te\u015fhis edilir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Hangi_hastaliklara_bagli_olarak_gelisebilir\" >Hangi hastal\u0131klara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015febilir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_ciddi_midir\" >Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi ciddi midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Tedavi_secenekleri_nelerdir\" >Tedavi se\u00e7enekleri nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Cerrahi_mudahale_her_zaman_gerekli_midir\" >Cerrahi m\u00fcdahale her zaman gerekli midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_kalici_midir\" >Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi kal\u0131c\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Bu_hastalik_cocuklarda_gorulur_mu\" >Bu hastal\u0131k \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr m\u00fc?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Kapak_degisiminde_mekanik_mi_biyolojik_kapak_tercih_edilir\" >Kapak de\u011fi\u015fiminde mekanik mi biyolojik kapak tercih edilir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Ilacla_tedavi_mumkun_mu\" >\u0130la\u00e7la tedavi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Egzersiz_bu_hastalarda_zararli_mi\" >Egzersiz bu hastalarda zararl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_olan_biri_normal_yasam_surebilir_mi\" >Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi olan biri normal ya\u015fam s\u00fcrebilir mi?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/pulmoner-kapak-yetmezligi\/#Bu_hastalik_kalp_yetmezligine_yol_acar_mi\" >Bu hastal\u0131k kalp yetmezli\u011fine yol a\u00e7ar m\u0131?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Nedir\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi, kalbin sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile akci\u011fer atardamar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan pulmoner kapa\u011f\u0131n tam kapanamamas\u0131 sonucu, kalpten akci\u011ferlere g\u00f6nderilen kan\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n geri ka\u00e7mas\u0131 durumudur. Bu durum sa\u011f ventrik\u00fcl\u00fcn zamanla geni\u015flemesine ve i\u015flev kayb\u0131na neden olabilir. Do\u011fu\u015ftan kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131, enfeksiyonlar veya akci\u011fer damar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 (pulmoner hipertansiyon) bu yetmezli\u011fe yol a\u00e7abilir. Hafif vakalarda belirti g\u00f6r\u00fclmezken, ileri durumlarda yorgunluk, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Tedavi altta yatan nedene ve yetmezli\u011fin derecesine g\u00f6re belirlenir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Nedenleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Nedenleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi genellikle kendi ba\u015f\u0131na ba\u015flayan bir hastal\u0131k de\u011fildir; \u00e7o\u011funlukla ba\u015fka bir duruma veya ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir m\u00fcdahaleye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Nedenleri iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplayabiliriz.<\/p>\n<p>Yeti\u015fkinlerde ve gen\u00e7lerde en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan nedenler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Pulmoner hipertansiyon (akci\u011fer y\u00fcksek tansiyonu)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Do\u011fu\u015ftan kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n cerrahi onar\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfusta, bu durumun en yayg\u0131n sebebi Fallot Tetralojisi ad\u0131 verilen do\u011fu\u015ftan bir kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu morarma ile seyreden en s\u0131k do\u011fu\u015ftan kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bebeklik veya \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde bu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ameliyat, kalbin sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolundaki darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermeyi hedefler. Bu ama\u00e7la yap\u0131lan ve o an i\u00e7in hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131 olan i\u015flemler, ne yaz\u0131k ki pulmoner kapa\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak bozabilir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak bu hastalar\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131nda, ameliyattan sonra hayat boyu devam eden ve y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde yava\u015f yava\u015f ilerleyen \u00f6nemli derecede pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n<p>Burada alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek istedi\u011fim \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir husus var. Yeti\u015fkinlik d\u00f6neminde ciddi pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi nedeniyle tedaviye ihtiya\u00e7 duyan hastalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, asl\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklukta ge\u00e7irdikleri ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ve hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131 bir kalp ameliyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir ve beklenen bir sonucuyla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Fallot Tetralojisi gibi durumlar erken cerrahi m\u00fcdahale olmadan \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcld\u00fcr. \u0130lk ameliyat\u0131n \u00f6nceli\u011fi, hayati tehlike yaratan darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermeye odaklan\u0131r ve bu genellikle kapak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn feda edilmesini gerektirir. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131, kalp taraf\u0131ndan uzun y\u0131llar boyunca \u00e7ok iyi bir \u015fekilde tolere edilir. Ancak eninde sonunda sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n geni\u015flemesine ve gen\u00e7 eri\u015fkinlik d\u00f6neminde ikinci bir b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcdahaleye, yani pulmoner kapak de\u011fi\u015fimine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Bu durum ilk ameliyat\u0131n bir ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak de\u011fil do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen bu durumun ya\u015fam boyu s\u00fcren, a\u015famal\u0131 y\u00f6netim plan\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir. Bu perspektif, hasta ve ailelerinin beklentilerini y\u00f6netmeye ve ikinci bir ameliyat ihtiyac\u0131 konusundaki endi\u015felerini azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p>Daha nadir de olsa, pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fine yol a\u00e7abilen ba\u015fka durumlar da vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130nfektif endokardit (kalp kapaklar\u0131n\u0131n enfeksiyonu)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Karsinoid sendrom (nadir bir kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Romatizmal ate\u015f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">G\u00f6\u011fse al\u0131nan \u015fiddetli darbeler (travmalar)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Marfan sendromu gibi genetik ba\u011f dokusu hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Varliginda_Hangi_Belirtiler_Gorulur\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Hangi Belirtiler G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi olduk\u00e7a sinsi bir durumdur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hafif veya orta d\u00fczeydeyken uzun y\u0131llar boyunca hi\u00e7bir belirti vermeyebilir. Hastal\u0131k, on y\u0131llarca sessiz kalabilir ve \u015fikayetler genellikle durum k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftik\u00e7e, yani kalbin sa\u011f taraf\u0131n\u0131n telafi mekanizmalar\u0131 art\u0131k yetersiz kalmaya ba\u015flad\u0131k\u00e7a yava\u015f yava\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, \u00f6nemli derecede s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin \u00e7ocukluktaki bir kalp ameliyat\u0131 sonras\u0131) ile belirtilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en, genellikle \u00e7ok uzun bir &#8220;sessiz pencere&#8221; d\u00f6neminin olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem, asl\u0131nda sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n kronik hacim y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131nda ilerleyici olarak geni\u015fledi\u011fi ve yeniden \u015fekillendi\u011fi kritik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Belirtiler genellikle bu s\u00fcrecin son a\u015famalar\u0131nda, yani sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k fonksiyonlar\u0131 bozulmaya y\u00fcz tuttu\u011funda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu nedenle \u00f6zellikle risk alt\u0131ndaki hastalarda (\u00f6rne\u011fin Fallot Tetralojisi onar\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7irmi\u015f olanlar) y\u00f6netimin temelini, belirtilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek yerine, d\u00fczenli takip ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ile kalbin durumunu objektif olarak izlemek olu\u015fturur. M\u00fcdahalenin, belirtiler ve belirgin kalp fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu geli\u015ftikten sonra yap\u0131lmas\u0131, kalbin toparlanamamas\u0131na ve daha az olumlu sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eiddetli pulmoner yetmezlik ilerledi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve genellikle sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fi bulgular\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan yayg\u0131n pulmoner yetmezlik belirtileri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00d6zellikle merdiven veya yoku\u015f \u00e7\u0131karken hissedilen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Normalden daha \u00e7abuk yorulma ve s\u00fcrekli bir halsizlik hissi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ayak bileklerinde, bacaklarda veya kar\u0131nda \u015fi\u015flik (\u00f6dem)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">D\u00fczensiz veya h\u0131zl\u0131 kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hissi (\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Aya\u011fa kalk\u0131nca g\u00f6z kararmas\u0131 veya ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Nadiren g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste bask\u0131 veya a\u011fr\u0131 hissi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyri ve gelece\u011fi (prognozu), b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yetmezli\u011fin ciddiyetine ve altta yatan nedene ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hafif pulmoner yetmezlik genellikle ya\u015fam beklentisini etkilemez ve iyi bir gidi\u015fata sahiptir. Ancak orta ila \u015fiddetli yetmezlik tedavi edilmedi\u011fi takdirde geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemez sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k hasar\u0131na, kalp yetmezli\u011fine ve aritmi veya ani kardiyak \u00f6l\u00fcm gibi ciddi komplikasyon riskinde art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7abilir. Neyse ki zaman\u0131nda tan\u0131 ve do\u011fru tedaviyle (\u00f6zellikle \u015fiddetli vakalarda kapak de\u011fi\u015fimi), prognoz genellikle m\u00fckemmeldir ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar uzun d\u00f6nemde y\u00fcksek sa\u011fkal\u0131m oranlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Tanisi_Icin_Hangi_Yontemler_Kullanilir\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Tan\u0131s\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Hangi Y\u00f6ntemler Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi tan\u0131s\u0131 koyma s\u00fcreci, genellikle bir bulmacan\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeye benzer. Her \u015fey, sizinle yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z detayl\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme ve fiziki muayene ile ba\u015flar. \u00d6zellikle \u00e7ocuklukta ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f bir kalp ameliyat\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, \u015f\u00fcphelerimizi do\u011frudan bu y\u00f6ne \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n<p>Muayene s\u0131ras\u0131nda stetoskop ile kalbinizi dinlerken duydu\u011fumuz, kan\u0131n geriye do\u011fru s\u0131zarken \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendine has, yumu\u015fak ve \u00fcfleyici bir ses olan &#8220;\u00fcf\u00fcr\u00fcm&#8221;, bizim i\u00e7in ilk \u00f6nemli ipucudur. E\u011fer durum ilerlemi\u015fse, sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fine i\u015faret eden ba\u015fka bulgular da saptayabiliriz.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00fcphelerimizi do\u011frulamak ve durumun ciddiyetini anlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z temel tan\u0131 testleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Elektrokardiyogram (EKG): Kalbin elektriksel aktivitesini kaydeden bu basit test, sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k \u00fczerindeki y\u00fcklenmeyi veya e\u015flik eden ritim bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs R\u00f6ntgeni: Sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n geni\u015flemesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kalp g\u00f6lgesinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme gibi dolayl\u0131 bulgular verebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Ekokardiyografi (EKO): Bu test, tan\u0131daki en \u00f6nemli ve ilk basamak ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Ses dalgalar\u0131 kullanarak kalbinizin hareketli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini olu\u015fturur. EKO ile kapak yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve en \u00f6nemlisi ciddiyetini (hafif, orta, \u015fiddetli) net bir \u015fekilde belirleriz. Ayr\u0131ca kalbinizin sa\u011f taraf\u0131n\u0131n boyutlar\u0131 ve pompalama g\u00fcc\u00fc hakk\u0131nda kritik bilgiler ediniriz.<\/li>\n<li>Kardiyak Manyetik Rezonans (KMR): Bu bizim i\u00e7in en de\u011ferli yol haritas\u0131d\u0131r. KMR, sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n hacimlerini, k\u00fctlesini ve pompalama g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc (ejeksiyon fraksiyonu) \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in &#8220;alt\u0131n standart&#8221; kabul edilen y\u00f6ntemdir. Geri ka\u00e7an kan miktar\u0131n\u0131 (reg\u00fcrjitan fraksiyon) son derece hassas bir \u015fekilde hesaplayabilir. Bu objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, cerrahi m\u00fcdahale i\u00e7in en do\u011fru zaman\u0131, yani &#8220;ne \u00e7ok erken ne de \u00e7ok ge\u00e7&#8221; olan o ideal an\u0131 saptamada kritik bir rol oynar.<\/li>\n<li>Kardiyak Bilgisayarl\u0131 Tomografi (BT): \u00d6zellikle cerrahi veya bir kateter giri\u015fimi planlan\u0131yorsa, sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu ve \u00e7evre yap\u0131lar\u0131n anatomisini \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu olarak de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Kalp Kateterizasyonu: Di\u011fer testlerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7eli\u015fkili oldu\u011funda veya kalp ve akci\u011fer atardamar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7mek gerekti\u011finde ba\u015fvurulan, daha az s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan invaziv bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Ne_Zaman_Tedavi_Edilmelidir\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Ne Zaman Tedavi Edilmelidir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi tedavisinde zamanlama her \u015feydir. Buradaki temel ama\u00e7 sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131kta geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemez bir hasar olu\u015fmadan, yani kas dokusu kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak zay\u0131flamadan \u00f6nce m\u00fcdahale etmektir. \u00c7ok uzun s\u00fcre beklemek, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kapak ameliyat\u0131ndan sonra bile sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczelmemesine neden olabilir. Bu nedenle m\u00fcdahale karar\u0131 sadece hastan\u0131n hissetti\u011fi belirtilere g\u00f6re de\u011fil KMR gibi testlerle elde edilen objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re verilir.<\/p>\n<p>Hafif veya belirti vermeyen orta dereceli pulmoner yetmezli\u011fi olan hastalarda genellikle acil bir m\u00fcdahale gerekmez. Bu durumda &#8220;aktif g\u00f6zetim&#8221; veya &#8220;dikkatli bekleme&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir yol izlenir. Bu d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla (genellikle y\u0131ll\u0131k veya iki y\u0131ll\u0131k) kardiyolog kontrol\u00fc ve periyodik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri ile kalbin durumunu yak\u0131ndan izlemek anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eiddetli pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi olan hastalarda ise a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda m\u00fcdahale, yani genellikle kapak de\u011fi\u015fimi (PVR) \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirti G\u00f6steren (Semptomatik) Hastalar:<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer efor kapasitesinde azalma, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yorgunluk veya bacaklarda \u015fi\u015flik gibi belirtiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015fsa, bu durum \u015fiddetli pulmoner yetmezli\u011fi olan bir hastada net bir m\u00fcdahale gereklili\u011fidir. Belirtiler genellikle kalbin telafi mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k t\u00fckendi\u011finin bir i\u015faretidir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirti G\u00f6stermeyen (Asemptomatik) Ancak Kalbinde Objektif Bozulma Ba\u015flayan Hastalar:<\/p>\n<p>Modern kalp kapak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6netimindeki en kritik ve en \u00f6nemli nokta budur. Hastan\u0131n kendini &#8220;iyi hissetmesi&#8221; bir g\u00fcvence de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kalpteki hasar sessizce ilerleyebilir. Bu nedenle hi\u00e7bir \u015fikayetiniz olmasa bile, ileri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme y\u00f6ntemleriyle (\u00f6zellikle KMR) saptanan belirli bozulma kriterleri, m\u00fcdahale karar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temelinde, kal\u0131c\u0131 kalp hasar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme felsefesi yatar. Bu objektif kriterler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131kta ilerleyici b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geni\u015fleme (hacimlerin belirli e\u015fik de\u011ferleri a\u015fmas\u0131)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n pompalama g\u00fcc\u00fcnde (ejeksiyon fraksiyonu) azalma<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131n geni\u015flemesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kom\u015fu trik\u00fcspit kapakta orta veya \u015fiddetli derecede yeni bir s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 geli\u015fmesi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">S\u00fcrekli ventrik\u00fcler ta\u015fikardi gibi ciddi ritim bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">EKG&#8217;de QRS s\u00fcresinin belirgin \u015fekilde uzamas\u0131 gibi elektriksel anormallikler<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu objektif ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir verilere dayal\u0131 m\u00fcdahale karar\u0131, modern t\u0131bb\u0131n geldi\u011fi noktay\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Art\u0131k hastan\u0131n \u00f6znel \u015fikayetlerini beklemek yerine, ileri teknoloji kullanarak kalpteki yap\u0131sal ve fonksiyonel de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri erken evrede saptay\u0131p, kal\u0131c\u0131 hasar olu\u015fmadan \u00f6nlem almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Icin_Cerrahi_ve_Kateter_Yontemleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Cerrahi ve Kateter Y\u00f6ntemleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u015eiddetli pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi i\u00e7in m\u00fcdahale karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde iki ana yol bulunur: geleneksel a\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyat\u0131 veya daha modern olan kateter bazl\u0131 (transkateter) y\u00f6ntem. Se\u00e7im, hastan\u0131n anatomik yap\u0131s\u0131na, genel sa\u011fl\u0131k durumuna ve kalp ekibinin ortak karar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>A\u00e7\u0131k Cerrahi ile Pulmoner Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi<\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u0131llard\u0131r uygulanan ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi bilinen standart y\u00f6ntemdir. Ameliyat genel anestezi alt\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kemi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131larak (sternotomi) ve kalp-akci\u011fer makinesi kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Cerrah, hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olan pulmoner kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve yerine yeni bir protez kapak diker. Protez kapak se\u00e7iminde iki ana se\u00e7enek vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biyolojik Kapaklar: Genellikle s\u0131\u011f\u0131r kalp zar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan doku kapaklar\u0131d\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck avantajlar\u0131, ameliyat sonras\u0131 kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7 kullanma zorunlulu\u011fu olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak zamanla y\u0131pranma e\u011filimindedirler ve ortalama 10-20 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u00f6m\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r, bu s\u00fcre sonunda yeniden bir m\u00fcdahale gerekebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Mekanik Kapaklar: Karbondan yap\u0131lan \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131 kapaklard\u0131r. Neredeyse bir \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu dayanabilirler. En b\u00fcy\u00fck dezavantajlar\u0131 ise, kapak \u00fczerinde p\u0131ht\u0131 olu\u015fumunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in hastan\u0131n hayat\u0131 boyunca warfarin gibi kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7lar kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeleridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kateter Y\u00f6ntemiyle Pulmoner Kapak De\u011fi\u015fimi (TPVR)<\/p>\n<p>Bu son y\u0131llar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yeniliklerinden biridir. TPVR, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kafesini a\u00e7madan ve kalbi durdurmadan, genellikle kas\u0131ktaki bir damardan kateter yard\u0131m\u0131yla kalbe ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yeni bir kapa\u011f\u0131n, eski hasarl\u0131 kapa\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi minimal invaziv bir y\u00f6ntemdir. \u00d6zellikle daha \u00f6nce kalp ameliyat\u0131 ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve yeniden a\u00e7\u0131k cerrahi riski y\u00fcksek olan hastalar i\u00e7in harika bir alternatiftir. &#8220;Kapak i\u00e7ine kapak&#8221; olarak da bilinen bu prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Minimal invaziv bir i\u015flem olmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hastanede kal\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresinin \u00e7ok k\u0131sa olmas\u0131 (genellikle 1-3 g\u00fcn)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130yile\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olmas\u0131 (birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde normal aktivitelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">B\u00fcy\u00fck bir cerrahi yara ile ili\u015fkili kanama ve enfeksiyon gibi risklerin daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>TPVR&#8217;nin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, do\u011fu\u015ftan kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan hastalar\u0131n ya\u015fam boyu y\u00f6netim stratejisini temelden de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu hastalar art\u0131k tekrar tekrar y\u00fcksek riskli a\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyatlar\u0131yla y\u00fczle\u015fmek yerine, durumlar\u0131n\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli, minimal invaziv &#8220;bak\u0131m&#8221; prosed\u00fcrleriyle y\u00f6netme imkan\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_Kapak_Yetmezligi_Tedavisinden_Sonra_Hayat_Nasil_Devam_Eder\"><\/span>Pulmoner Kapak Yetmezli\u011fi Tedavisinden Sonra Hayat Nas\u0131l Devam Eder?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi tedavisi, ister cerrahi ister kateter y\u00f6ntemiyle yap\u0131ls\u0131n, hastalar\u0131n ya\u015fam beklentisini ve kalitesini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran, son derece ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir tedavidir. Her iki y\u00f6ntemin de kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r ve bu farkl\u0131l\u0131klar, hasta ve hekim aras\u0131nda \u015feffaf bir \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Uzun d\u00f6nemde her iki y\u00f6ntemin de sa\u011fkal\u0131m oranlar\u0131 m\u00fckemmeldir ve %90&#8217;lar\u0131n \u00fczerindedir. Temel fayda, sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k \u00fczerindeki y\u00fck\u00fc kald\u0131rarak kalbin fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek, belirtileri azaltmak ve hastan\u0131n efor kapasitesini art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Ancak iki y\u00f6ntem aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir risk fark\u0131 vard\u0131r: \u0130nfektif Endokardit (\u0130E), yani protez kapa\u011f\u0131n enfeksiyon kapmas\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar kateter y\u00f6ntemiyle (TPVR) tak\u0131lan kapaklar\u0131n, cerrahiye k\u0131yasla ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nemde anlaml\u0131 derecede daha y\u00fcksek bir \u0130E riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu risk, TPVR sonras\u0131 hastalar\u0131n enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok dikkatli olmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve yak\u0131n takip edilmelerini gerektirir.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kapak de\u011fi\u015fimi sonras\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131zda dikkat etmeniz gereken baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli noktalar vard\u0131r. Bu yeni bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131r ve bu ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek sizin elinizdedir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">D\u00fczenli kardiyolog kontrollerinizi asla aksatmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Yeni kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in periyodik ekokardiyografi testleri yapt\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Di\u015f \u00e7ekimi veya di\u011fer cerrahi i\u015flemlerden \u00f6nce mutlaka doktorunuza dan\u0131\u015farak koruyucu antibiyotik (endokardit profilaksisi) kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tansiyonunuzu kontrol alt\u0131nda tutun.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kilonuzu korumaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tuz t\u00fcketimini azaltan, dengeli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir beslenme plan\u0131 uygulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sigara ve di\u011fer t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden kesinlikle uzak durun.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Doktorunuzun izin verdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fczenli egzersiz yaparak kalp sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 destekleyin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"accordion_title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\"><\/span>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"accordion\">\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1769482439\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1769482439-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-pulmoner-kapak-yetmezli\u011fi-nedir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1769482439-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_nedir\"><\/span>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1769482439-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1769482439-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Kalbin sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile akci\u011fer arterini ay\u0131ran pulmoner kapa\u011f\u0131n kapanmamas\u0131 nedeniyle kan\u0131n geri s\u0131zmas\u0131 durumudur.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-206206484\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-206206484-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-bu-hastal\u0131k-do\u011fu\u015ftan-m\u0131-olur?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-206206484-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_hastalik_dogustan_mi_olur\"><\/span>Bu hastal\u0131k do\u011fu\u015ftan m\u0131 olur?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-206206484-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-206206484-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hem do\u011fu\u015ftan (konjenital) hem de sonradan geli\u015febilir. Kalp ameliyatlar\u0131 sonras\u0131 veya enfeksiyonlara ba\u011fl\u0131 geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2887516787\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2887516787-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-pulmoner-kapak-yetmezli\u011finin-belirtileri-nelerdir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2887516787-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezliginin_belirtileri_nelerdir\"><\/span>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011finin belirtileri nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2887516787-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2887516787-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Halsizlik, \u00e7abuk yorulma, ayak bileklerinde \u015fi\u015flik, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 ve nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-944352070\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-944352070-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-bu-durum-nas\u0131l-te\u015fhis-edilir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-944352070-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_durum_nasil_teshis_edilir\"><\/span>Bu durum nas\u0131l te\u015fhis edilir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-944352070-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-944352070-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>EKO (ekokardiyografi), EKG, kalp MRI ve bazen kalp kateterizasyonu ile tan\u0131 konur.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-815125681\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-815125681-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-hangi-hastal\u0131klara-ba\u011fl\u0131-olarak-geli\u015febilir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-815125681-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hangi_hastaliklara_bagli_olarak_gelisebilir\"><\/span>Hangi hastal\u0131klara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015febilir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-815125681-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-815125681-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Pulmoner hipertansiyon, kalp kapak enfeksiyonlar\u0131, romatizmal kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tetraloji of Fallot cerrahisi sonras\u0131 olu\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3354245342\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3354245342-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-pulmoner-kapak-yetmezli\u011fi-ciddi-midir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3354245342-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_ciddi_midir\"><\/span>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi ciddi midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3354245342-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3354245342-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hafif vakalar genellikle belirti vermezken, ileri vakalarda kalp yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2735938315\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2735938315-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-tedavi-se\u00e7enekleri-nelerdir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2735938315-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tedavi_secenekleri_nelerdir\"><\/span>Tedavi se\u00e7enekleri nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2735938315-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2735938315-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hafif olgularda izlem yeterlidir; ileri vakalarda kapak onar\u0131m\u0131 veya de\u011fi\u015fimi gerekebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2020775780\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2020775780-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-cerrahi-m\u00fcdahale-her-zaman-gerekli-midir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2020775780-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cerrahi_mudahale_her_zaman_gerekli_midir\"><\/span>Cerrahi m\u00fcdahale her zaman gerekli midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2020775780-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2020775780-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hay\u0131r, semptomsuz ve hafif yetmezlikte d\u00fczenli izlem yeterli olabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3703080394\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3703080394-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-pulmoner-kapak-yetmezli\u011fi-kal\u0131c\u0131-m\u0131d\u0131r?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3703080394-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_kalici_midir\"><\/span>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi kal\u0131c\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3703080394-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3703080394-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Altta yatan neden tedavi edilmezse ilerleyici olabilir. Kapak cerrahisi ile d\u00fczelebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2050376515\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2050376515-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-bu-hastal\u0131k-\u00e7ocuklarda-g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr-m\u00fc?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2050376515-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_hastalik_cocuklarda_gorulur_mu\"><\/span>Bu hastal\u0131k \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr m\u00fc?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2050376515-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2050376515-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, \u00f6zellikle do\u011fumsal kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklarda yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1925008273\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1925008273-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-kapak-de\u011fi\u015fiminde-mekanik-mi-biyolojik-kapak-tercih-edilir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1925008273-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kapak_degisiminde_mekanik_mi_biyolojik_kapak_tercih_edilir\"><\/span>Kapak de\u011fi\u015fiminde mekanik mi biyolojik kapak tercih edilir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1925008273-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1925008273-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hastan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu ve ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m tercihlerine g\u00f6re belirlenir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3556316229\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3556316229-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-\u0130la\u00e7la-tedavi-m\u00fcmk\u00fcn-m\u00fc?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3556316229-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ilacla_tedavi_mumkun_mu\"><\/span>\u0130la\u00e7la tedavi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3556316229-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3556316229-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Kapak yetmezli\u011fi direkt ila\u00e7la d\u00fczelmez; ancak kalp yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015firse ila\u00e7 tedavisi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2521009076\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2521009076-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-egzersiz-bu-hastalarda-zararl\u0131-m\u0131?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2521009076-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Egzersiz_bu_hastalarda_zararli_mi\"><\/span>Egzersiz bu hastalarda zararl\u0131 m\u0131?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2521009076-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2521009076-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hafif vakalarda hafif egzersiz \u00f6nerilebilir; a\u011f\u0131r yetmezlikte s\u0131n\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-973030049\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-973030049-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-pulmoner-kapak-yetmezli\u011fi-olan-biri-normal-ya\u015fam-s\u00fcrebilir-mi?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-973030049-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulmoner_kapak_yetmezligi_olan_biri_normal_yasam_surebilir_mi\"><\/span>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi olan biri normal ya\u015fam s\u00fcrebilir mi?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-973030049-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-973030049-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Uygun takip ve tedaviyle \u00e7o\u011fu hasta normal ya\u015fam s\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1815426517\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1815426517-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-bu-hastal\u0131k-kalp-yetmezli\u011fine-yol-a\u00e7ar-m\u0131?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1815426517-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_hastalik_kalp_yetmezligine_yol_acar_mi\"><\/span>Bu hastal\u0131k kalp yetmezli\u011fine yol a\u00e7ar m\u0131?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1815426517-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1815426517-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, tedavi edilmedi\u011fi takdirde sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pulmoner kapak yetmezli\u011fi, kalpten akci\u011ferlere kan ta\u015f\u0131yan pulmoner kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam kapanmamas\u0131 sonucu, kan\u0131n sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011fa geri ka\u00e7mas\u0131 durumudur. Hafif formlar\u0131 genellikle belirti vermezken, ileri evrelerde kalp bo\u015fluklar\u0131nda geni\u015fleme ve sa\u011f kalp yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015febilir. Belirtileri aras\u0131nda \u00e7abuk yorulma, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, bacaklarda \u015fi\u015flik ve ritim bozuklu\u011fu yer al\u0131r. Baz\u0131 hastalarda dudak ve t\u0131rnaklarda morarma g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[479],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kalp-kapak-hastaliklari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11059"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11059\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13739,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11059\/revisions\/13739"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}