{"id":11064,"date":"2025-08-27T22:29:43","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T19:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/"},"modified":"2025-09-06T03:00:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-06T00:00:58","slug":"ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/","title":{"rendered":"ECMO (Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu) Tedavisi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>ECMO (ekstrakorporeal membran oksijenasyonu) tedavisi, kalp ve\/veya akci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi \u015fekilde bozuldu\u011fu durumlarda, kan\u0131n v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oksijenlendirilip karbondioksitten ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak tekrar dola\u015f\u0131ma verilmesini sa\u011flayan ileri ya\u015fam deste\u011fi y\u00f6ntemidir. Genellikle yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu tedavi, a\u011f\u0131r kalp yetmezli\u011fi, akut solunum yetmezli\u011fi, kardiyak cerrahi sonras\u0131 iyile\u015fme d\u00f6nemi veya akci\u011fer nakli bekleyen hastalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. ECMO, organlara oksijen deste\u011fi sa\u011flarken kalp ve akci\u011ferlere iyile\u015fme f\u0131rsat\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<p>Uygulama s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir damara kan\u00fcl yerle\u015ftirilir ve kan, pompa yard\u0131m\u0131yla yapay membran oksijenat\u00f6re y\u00f6nlendirilir. Burada oksijenlenip karbondioksitten ar\u0131nan kan, tekrar hastan\u0131n dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na verilir.<\/p>\n<p>ECMO tedavisi ge\u00e7ici bir destektir ve altta yatan hastal\u0131k tedavi edilene veya organ fonksiyonlar\u0131 d\u00fczelene kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00fcrecin y\u00f6netimi, deneyimli bir multidisipliner ekip taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r ve enfeksiyon, kanama gibi komplikasyon riskleri yak\u0131ndan takip edilir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Tan\u0131m<\/td>\n<td>Kalp ve\/veya akci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi bozuldu\u011fu durumlarda ge\u00e7ici destek sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, kan\u0131n v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oksijenlenip karbondioksitten ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapay dola\u015f\u0131m sistemi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00fcrleri<\/td>\n<td>VV-ECMO (ven\u00f6z-ven\u00f6z, sadece solunum deste\u011fi), VA-ECMO (ven\u00f6z-arteriyel, kalp ve akci\u011fer deste\u011fi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Endikasyonlar<\/td>\n<td>Refrakter kardiyojenik \u015fok, kardiyak arrest, ciddi ARDS (akut solunum s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 sendromu), pulmoner emboli, miyokardit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kontrendikasyonlar<\/td>\n<td>\u0130rreversibl organ hasar\u0131, terminal hastal\u0131k, ileri ya\u015f ve k\u00f6t\u00fc prognozlu n\u00f6rolojik hasar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Uygulama Y\u00f6ntemi<\/td>\n<td>Santral veya periferik kan\u00fclasyon (genellikle femoral ve juguler damarlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130zlem Gereklilikleri<\/td>\n<td>Kan gaz\u0131 takibi, p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fma parametreleri, hemodinamik izlem, enfeksiyon kontrol\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Komplikasyonlar<\/td>\n<td>Kanama, tromboz, enfeksiyon, hemoliz, iskemik organ hasar\u0131, emboli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tedavi S\u00fcresi<\/td>\n<td>Genellikle g\u00fcnler ile haftalar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir; altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fczelme s\u00fcresine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Takip ve Sonland\u0131rma<\/td>\n<td>Organ fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fmesiyle kademeli olarak ECMO deste\u011fi azalt\u0131larak sonland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; sonland\u0131rma \u00f6ncesi weaning protokolleri uygulan\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Yaz\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Nedir\" >ECMO (Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu) Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Teknolojisinin_Tarihsel_Gelisimi_Nasildir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Teknolojisinin Tarihsel Geli\u015fimi Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Devresi_ve_Bilesenleri_Nasil_Calisir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Devresi ve Bile\u015fenleri Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Tedavisinin_Turleri_Nelerdir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Tedavisinin T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Hangi_Hastalar_Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Icin_Uygundur\" >Hangi Hastalar Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu \u0130\u00e7in Uygundur?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Tedavisinin_Riskleri_Nelerdir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Tedavisinin Riskleri Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Sirasinda_Hasta_Bakimi_Nasil_Yapilir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu S\u0131ras\u0131nda Hasta Bak\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Destegi_Nasil_Sonlandirilir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Deste\u011fi Nas\u0131l Sonland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Sonrasi_Yasam_Nasildir\" >Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Sonras\u0131 Ya\u015fam Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\" >S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_nedir\" >ECMO nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_hangi_durumlarda_kullanilir\" >ECMO hangi durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#Kac_cesit_ECMO_vardir\" >Ka\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit ECMO vard\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_ne_kadar_sure_kullanilir\" >ECMO ne kadar s\u00fcre kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_tedavisi_acil_bir_islem_midir\" >ECMO tedavisi acil bir i\u015flem midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_ameliyat_mi_gerektirir\" >ECMO ameliyat m\u0131 gerektirir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_tedavisinin_riskleri_nelerdir\" >ECMO tedavisinin riskleri nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_sirasinda_hasta_uyanik_olur_mu\" >ECMO s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasta uyan\u0131k olur mu?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_ile_tam_iyilesme_mumkun_mudur\" >ECMO ile tam iyile\u015fme m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_pahali_bir_tedavi_midir\" >ECMO pahal\u0131 bir tedavi midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_uygulayan_merkezler_yaygin_midir\" >ECMO uygulayan merkezler yayg\u0131n m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_cihazi_tasinabilir_mi\" >ECMO cihaz\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nabilir mi?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_sonrasi_rehabilitasyon_gerekir_mi\" >ECMO sonras\u0131 rehabilitasyon gerekir mi?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/ecmo-ekstrakorporeal-membran-oksijenasyonu-tedavisi\/#ECMO_olum_riskini_azaltir_mi\" >ECMO \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini azalt\u0131r m\u0131?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Nedir\"><\/span>ECMO (Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu) Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO, kalp veya akci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olarak durdu\u011fu ya da ciddi \u015fekilde bozuldu\u011fu durumlarda, kan\u0131 v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oksijenlendirip karbondioksitten ar\u0131nd\u0131rarak yeniden dola\u015f\u0131ma veren ya\u015fam destek sistemidir. Kalp cerrahisi sonras\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r solunum yetmezli\u011fi, ARDS, kalp krizi veya kalp-akci\u011fer nakli gibi durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uygulan\u0131r ve hastan\u0131n iyile\u015fmesi s\u00fcresince organlara destek sa\u011flar. Karma\u015f\u0131k ve y\u00fcksek riskli bir y\u00f6ntem olup, uzman ekip ve s\u00fcrekli izlem gerektirir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Teknolojisinin_Tarihsel_Gelisimi_Nasildir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Teknolojisinin Tarihsel Geli\u015fimi Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO&#8217;nun bug\u00fcnk\u00fc modern haline gelmesi, t\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n sebatla dolu uzun bir yolculu\u011funun sonucudur. Fikrin ilk tohumlar\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel kan\u0131n v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda kan\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen &#8220;heparin&#8221; adl\u0131 ilac\u0131n ke\u015ffi, bu alanda bir devrim yaratt\u0131 ve v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131m deneylerinin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>ECMO, temelini a\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyatlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan kalp-akci\u011fer pompas\u0131ndan al\u0131r. 1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu pompalarla ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyat\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131, en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu. Zamanla, kan\u0131 daha az y\u0131pratan ve daha uzun s\u00fcreli destek sa\u011flayabilen &#8220;membran oksijenat\u00f6rler&#8221; yani yapay akci\u011ferler icat edildi. Bu ECMO gibi haftalarca s\u00fcrebilen tedaviler i\u00e7in hayati bir ad\u0131md\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Modern ECMO&#8217;nun do\u011fu\u015fu ise 1970&#8217;lerde &#8220;ECMO&#8217;nun babas\u0131&#8221; olarak an\u0131lan Dr. Robert H. Bartlett&#8217;in \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. As\u0131l yank\u0131 uyand\u0131ran ba\u015far\u0131, 1975&#8217;te ya\u015fand\u0131. Dr. Bartlett ve ekibi, \u00f6lmek \u00fczere olan bir yenido\u011fan bebe\u011fi ECMO ile hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Hem\u015firelerin bebe\u011fe \u0130spanyolca&#8217;da &#8220;Umut&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelen &#8220;Esperanza&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 vermesi, bu teknolojinin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131 simgeliyordu. ECMO&#8217;nun tarihindeki baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">1916 &#8211; Kan p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen heparinin ke\u015ffi.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">1953 &#8211; Kalp-akci\u011fer pompas\u0131 ile ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyat\u0131.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">1971 &#8211; \u0130lk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 yeti\u015fkin ECMO uygulamas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">1975 &#8211; &#8220;Esperanza&#8221; adl\u0131 yenido\u011fan\u0131n ECMO ile kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">2009 &#8211; H1N1 (domuz gribi) pandemisi ile yeti\u015fkinlerde yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">2020 &#8211; COVID-19 pandemisinde kritik bir rol oynamas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Devresi_ve_Bilesenleri_Nasil_Calisir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Devresi ve Bile\u015fenleri Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO sistemini, hastan\u0131n kendi dola\u015f\u0131m sisteminin ge\u00e7ici bir uzant\u0131s\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Bu kapal\u0131 devre, kan\u0131n v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde dola\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve temizlenmesini sa\u011flar. Kan\u0131n v\u00fccuttan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p temizlenerek geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu yolculukta birka\u00e7 temel bile\u015fen g\u00f6rev al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kan\u00fcller: Hastay\u0131 ECMO makinesine ba\u011flayan \u00f6zel, esnek plastik borulard\u0131r. Biri kirli kan\u0131 v\u00fccuttan \u00e7ekerken, di\u011feri temiz kan\u0131 v\u00fccuda geri verir.<\/li>\n<li>Pompa: Devrenin motorudur ve kalbin pompalama g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenir. Kan\u0131 v\u00fccuttan \u00e7ekip devrenin di\u011fer par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irerek tekrar hastaya g\u00f6nderen itici g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<li>Oksijenat\u00f6r: Devrenin en hayati par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve akci\u011ferlerin g\u00f6revini birebir taklit eder. Kan\u0131 oksijenle doldurur ve karbondioksitten temizler.<\/li>\n<li>Is\u0131 De\u011fi\u015ftirici: V\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dola\u015fan kan\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Temizlenmi\u015f kan\u0131 v\u00fccuda geri g\u00f6ndermeden \u00f6nce tekrar normal v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu sistemin sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluk, kan\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir. Kan, yapay y\u00fczeylerle temas etti\u011finde do\u011fal olarak p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Bu p\u0131ht\u0131lar devreyi t\u0131kayabilir veya hastaya giderek inme gibi ciddi sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Bunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, ECMO tedavisi boyunca hastaya s\u00fcrekli olarak heparin gibi kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir ila\u00e7 verilir. Tedavinin en hassas y\u00f6nlerinden biri budur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nleme ile kanama riskini art\u0131rma aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok hassas bir denge kurmak gerekir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Tedavisinin_Turleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Tedavisinin T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO tedavisinin iki ana t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcrler, oksijenlenmi\u015f kan\u0131n v\u00fccuda nereye geri verildi\u011fine g\u00f6re belirlenir ve hastan\u0131n hangi organ\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fe ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n<p>Veno-Ven\u00f6z (VV) Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu<\/p>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr, sadece akci\u011fer (solunum) deste\u011fi sa\u011flar. Hastan\u0131n kalbinin, kan\u0131 v\u00fccuda pompalayacak kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu y\u00f6ntemde oksijeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir toplardamardan (ven) al\u0131n\u0131r, ECMO makinesinde temizlenir ve yine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir toplardamara geri verilir. Oksijen zengini kan, kalbe gelir ve hastan\u0131n kendi kalbi taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcm v\u00fccuda pompalan\u0131r. VV ECMO&#8217;yu, akci\u011ferlere bir &#8220;tatil&#8221; vermek gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Kalp fonksiyonlar\u0131 yeterli ancak akci\u011ferleri a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f hastalar i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n<p>VV ECMO&#8217;nun en s\u0131k kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Akut Solunum S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 Sendromu (ARDS)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u015eiddetli zat\u00fcrre (pn\u00f6moni)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Akci\u011fer nakline haz\u0131rl\u0131k (k\u00f6pr\u00fcleme)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Nakil sonras\u0131 akci\u011ferin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 (primer greft disfonksiyonu)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Veno-Arteriyel (VA) Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr, hem kalp hem de akci\u011fer deste\u011fi sa\u011flar. Yani tam bir kalp-akci\u011fer bypass sistemi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemde kan yine bir toplardamardan al\u0131n\u0131r, ancak temizlendikten sonra do\u011frudan v\u00fccudun ana da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m hatt\u0131 olan bir atardamara (arter) verilir. Bu sayede kan, kalbi ve akci\u011ferleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bypass eder. ECMO makinesi, kan\u0131 do\u011frudan v\u00fccuda da\u011f\u0131tarak kalbin i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc tamamen \u00fcstlenir.<\/p>\n<p>VA ECMO&#8217;nun ba\u015fl\u0131ca kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kalp yetmezli\u011fi (Kardiyojenik \u015fok)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">B\u00fcy\u00fck kalp krizi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kalp kas\u0131 iltihaplanmas\u0131 (Miyokardit)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kalp durmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 canland\u0131rma (E-CPR)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">A\u00e7\u0131k kalp ameliyat\u0131 sonras\u0131 kalbin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kalp nakline veya yapay kalp cihaz\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hangi_Hastalar_Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Icin_Uygundur\"><\/span>Hangi Hastalar Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu \u0130\u00e7in Uygundur?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO, son derece invaziv ve riskli bir tedavi oldu\u011fundan, do\u011fru hasta se\u00e7imi tedavinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in en kritik fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Temel ilke \u015fudur: ECMO&#8217;nun sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 potansiyel fayda, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 risklerden daha a\u011f\u0131r basmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tedavinin bir &#8220;\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f stratejisi&#8221; olmal\u0131d\u0131r; yani hastan\u0131n ya kendi organ fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fmesi ya da organ nakli gibi daha kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015fmas\u0131 hedeflenmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>ECMO&#8217;nun uygulanmas\u0131na kesin engel te\u015fkil eden baz\u0131 durumlar vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130yile\u015fme potansiyeli olmayan kal\u0131c\u0131 beyin hasar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tedavisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan, v\u00fccuda yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kanser<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Organ nakli aday\u0131 olmayan son d\u00f6nem kalp ya da akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Aktif ve durdurulamayan beyin i\u00e7i kanama<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Baz\u0131 durumlarda ise risk ve fayda de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131larak karar verilir. Bu durumlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130leri ya\u015f (genellikle 75 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ciddi obezite<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">ECMO \u00f6ncesi uzun s\u00fcre solunum cihaz\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f olmak<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin ciddi \u015fekilde bask\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130lerlemi\u015f \u00e7oklu organ yetmezli\u011fi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Tedavisinin_Riskleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Tedavisinin Riskleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO, hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131 bir teknoloji olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve \u00f6nemli riskler ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu riskler hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k olmak, tedavi s\u00fcrecini anlaman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bu riskleri y\u00f6netmek, ECMO ekibinin en \u00f6ncelikli g\u00f6revidir. Komplikasyonlar genel olarak hasta kaynakl\u0131 ve cihaza ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Hasta ile ilgili olas\u0131 komplikasyonlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kanama: En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen risktir. Kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n zorunlu kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0131ht\u0131 olu\u015fumu (Tromboz): Devrede veya damarlarda olu\u015fan p\u0131ht\u0131lar organlara giderek inme gibi ciddi sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/li>\n<li>Enfeksiyon: Kan\u00fcller, v\u00fccuda do\u011frudan bir giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00f6rolojik hasar: \u0130nme, n\u00f6bet veya beyin hasar\u0131 gibi y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 komplikasyonlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Bacakta kanlanma sorunu: \u00d6zellikle VA ECMO&#8217;da kas\u0131ktaki kan\u00fcl, baca\u011fa giden kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Cihazla (mekanik) ilgili olas\u0131 komplikasyonlar da vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Oksijenat\u00f6r ar\u0131zas\u0131: Yapay akci\u011ferin i\u00e7inde p\u0131ht\u0131 birikmesi gaz de\u011fi\u015fimini bozabilir.<\/li>\n<li>Pompa sorunu: Pompan\u0131n durmas\u0131 veya ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131 acil m\u00fcdahale gerektirir.<\/li>\n<li>Hava ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 (Emboli): Devreye hava girmesi ve hastaya ula\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilir.<\/li>\n<li>Devre kopmas\u0131: Ciddi kan kayb\u0131na neden olabilecek bir durumdur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu riskler nedeniyle ECMO hastalar\u0131, bu konuda \u00f6zel e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesinde 24 saat boyunca aral\u0131ks\u0131z olarak izlenir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Sirasinda_Hasta_Bakimi_Nasil_Yapilir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu S\u0131ras\u0131nda Hasta Bak\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO tedavisi, sadece bir makinenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131d\u0131r; hastan\u0131n v\u00fccudu ile mekanik bir sistemin hassas bir \u015fekilde b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmesini gerektiren dinamik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 yo\u011fun bak\u0131m doktorlar\u0131, kalp cerrahlar\u0131, perf\u00fczyonistler, ECMO hem\u015fireleri ve solunum terapistlerinden olu\u015fan deneyimli bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir. Hem makine hem de hasta, 24 saat boyunca anbean izlenir.<\/p>\n<p>Cihaz takibinde kontrol edilen temel parametreler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131: Pompan\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Bas\u0131n\u00e7lar: Devrenin farkl\u0131 noktalar\u0131ndaki bas\u0131n\u00e7lar, sistemin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi verir.<\/li>\n<li>Gaz de\u011fi\u015fimi: Yapay akci\u011fere verilen oksijen miktar\u0131 ve karbondioksiti temizleme h\u0131z\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131cakl\u0131k: Hastaya geri verilen kan\u0131n v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Hastan\u0131n takibinde ise \u015fu unsurlar \u00f6n plandad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Ya\u015famsal belirtiler: Kan bas\u0131nc\u0131, kalp at\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 ve oksijen seviyeleri.<\/li>\n<li>Kan testleri: Kan gazlar\u0131, kan say\u0131m\u0131, b\u00f6brek ve karaci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fma durumu: Kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ilac\u0131n dozunu ayarlamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan testler.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00f6rolojik durum: Hastan\u0131n bilin\u00e7 seviyesi ve tepkileri.<\/li>\n<li>Beslenme deste\u011fi: Ciddi kas kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yeterli beslenme sa\u011flanmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Destegi_Nasil_Sonlandirilir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Deste\u011fi Nas\u0131l Sonland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hastalar, ECMO deste\u011finden aniden ayr\u0131lmazlar. Bu altta yatan kalp veya akci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131nda yeterli iyile\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ba\u015flat\u0131lan, kontroll\u00fc ve kademeli bir &#8220;ayr\u0131lma&#8221; (weaning) s\u00fcrecidir. Bu s\u00fcreci, hastan\u0131n kendi organlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi yeniden devralmaya haz\u0131r olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etti\u011fimiz bir t\u00fcr &#8220;mezuniyet s\u0131nav\u0131&#8221; olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. \u0130yile\u015fmenin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli i\u015faretler vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs r\u00f6ntgeninde d\u00fczelme<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Akci\u011fer esnekli\u011finde art\u0131\u015f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ekokardiyografide (EKO) kalp kas\u0131lma fonksiyonlar\u0131nda iyile\u015fme<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Solunum cihaz\u0131 veya kalp destek ila\u00e7lar\u0131na olan ihtiyac\u0131n azalmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu belirtiler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ECMO deste\u011fi yava\u015f yava\u015f azalt\u0131l\u0131r. VV ECMO&#8217;da yapay akci\u011ferin gaz de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6revi kademeli olarak hastan\u0131n kendi akci\u011ferlerine b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. VA ECMO&#8217;da ise pompan\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek y\u00fck, kademeli olarak hastan\u0131n kendi kalbine devredilir. E\u011fer hasta bu deneme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlarsa, ECMO&#8217;dan tamamen ayr\u0131lmaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu kabul edilir ve kan\u00fcllerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 planlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekstrakorporeal_Membran_Oksijenasyonu_Sonrasi_Yasam_Nasildir\"><\/span>Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu Sonras\u0131 Ya\u015fam Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ECMO, bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 olsa da hem tedavi s\u00fcreci hem de sonras\u0131 zorluklarla doludur. Hayatta kalma oranlar\u0131, hastan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131na, altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011fa ve ECMO&#8217;nun t\u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda verileri toplayan ELSO organizasyonuna g\u00f6re, yeti\u015fkinlerde solunum yetmezli\u011fi i\u00e7in bu oran %59 iken, kalp yetmezli\u011fi i\u00e7in %48 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>ECMO&#8217;dan hayatta kalmak, m\u00fccadelenin sadece ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olabilir. Hastalar taburcu olduktan sonra uzun s\u00fcreli baz\u0131 zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirler.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fiziksel zorluklar: Uzun s\u00fcre yo\u011fun bak\u0131mda kalmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 ciddi kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yorgunluk ve hareket k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Psikolojik zorluklar: Anksiyete, depresyon ve Travma Sonras\u0131 Stres Bozuklu\u011fu (TSSB).<\/li>\n<li>Bili\u015fsel zorluklar: Haf\u0131za, dikkat ve problem \u00e7\u00f6zme gibi fonksiyonlarda bozulma (&#8220;beyin sisi&#8221;).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu zorluklara ra\u011fmen, zamanla ve do\u011fru destekle \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydedilir. Erken rehabilitasyon, fizik tedavi ve psikolojik destek, bu uzun d\u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmede ve hastalar\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesini art\u0131rmada kritik bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n<h2 class=\"accordion_title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\"><\/span>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"accordion\">\n\t<div id=\"accordion-296863080\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-296863080-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-nedir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-296863080-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_nedir\"><\/span>ECMO nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-296863080-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-296863080-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>ECMO, kalp ve akci\u011ferler ge\u00e7ici olarak g\u00f6revini yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kan\u0131 v\u00fccudun d\u0131\u015f\u0131na al\u0131p oksijenlendiren ve karbondioksiti uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran bir ya\u015fam destek sistemidir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-690758508\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-690758508-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-hangi-durumlarda-kullan\u0131l\u0131r?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-690758508-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_hangi_durumlarda_kullanilir\"><\/span>ECMO hangi durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-690758508-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-690758508-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>\u015eiddetli kalp yetmezli\u011fi, akut solunum s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 sendromu (ARDS), kalp ameliyat\u0131 sonras\u0131 ve kalp-akci\u011fer nakli bekleyen hastalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1948119017\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1948119017-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ka\u00e7-\u00e7e\u015fit-ecmo-vard\u0131r?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1948119017-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kac_cesit_ECMO_vardir\"><\/span>Ka\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit ECMO vard\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1948119017-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1948119017-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>\u0130ki tipi vard\u0131r: Venoven\u00f6z ECMO (sadece akci\u011fer deste\u011fi) ve venoarteriyel ECMO (kalp ve akci\u011fer deste\u011fi).<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-448560924\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-448560924-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-ne-kadar-s\u00fcre-kullan\u0131l\u0131r?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-448560924-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_ne_kadar_sure_kullanilir\"><\/span>ECMO ne kadar s\u00fcre kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-448560924-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-448560924-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Genellikle birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn ila birka\u00e7 hafta kullan\u0131l\u0131r; hasta toparland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistem \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-830130199\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-830130199-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-tedavisi-acil-bir-i\u015flem-midir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-830130199-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_tedavisi_acil_bir_islem_midir\"><\/span>ECMO tedavisi acil bir i\u015flem midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-830130199-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-830130199-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, hayati tehlike olu\u015fturan durumlarda acil olarak uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2068555493\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2068555493-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-ameliyat-m\u0131-gerektirir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2068555493-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_ameliyat_mi_gerektirir\"><\/span>ECMO ameliyat m\u0131 gerektirir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2068555493-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2068555493-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hay\u0131r, damar yolu yerle\u015ftirme i\u015flemi cerrahi de\u011fil, genellikle yo\u011fun bak\u0131mda steril \u015fartlarda yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2941683174\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2941683174-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-tedavisinin-riskleri-nelerdir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2941683174-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_tedavisinin_riskleri_nelerdir\"><\/span>ECMO tedavisinin riskleri nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2941683174-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2941683174-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Kanama, enfeksiyon, p\u0131ht\u0131 olu\u015fumu ve organ hasar\u0131 gibi ciddi komplikasyonlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3194656740\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3194656740-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-s\u0131ras\u0131nda-hasta-uyan\u0131k-olur-mu?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3194656740-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_sirasinda_hasta_uyanik_olur_mu\"><\/span>ECMO s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasta uyan\u0131k olur mu?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3194656740-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3194656740-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Duruma g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Baz\u0131 hastalar sedasyon alt\u0131nda tutulur, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise uyan\u0131k kalabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-673816119\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-673816119-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-ile-tam-iyile\u015fme-m\u00fcmk\u00fcn-m\u00fcd\u00fcr?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-673816119-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_ile_tam_iyilesme_mumkun_mudur\"><\/span>ECMO ile tam iyile\u015fme m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-673816119-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-673816119-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, altta yatan hastal\u0131k iyile\u015firse, ECMO ge\u00e7ici bir destek olarak ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlanabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-8439191\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-8439191-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-pahal\u0131-bir-tedavi-midir?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-8439191-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_pahali_bir_tedavi_midir\"><\/span>ECMO pahal\u0131 bir tedavi midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-8439191-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-8439191-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, ileri teknoloji ve yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ekipman\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in maliyetlidir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2877820667\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2877820667-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-uygulayan-merkezler-yayg\u0131n-m\u0131d\u0131r?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2877820667-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_uygulayan_merkezler_yaygin_midir\"><\/span>ECMO uygulayan merkezler yayg\u0131n m\u0131d\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2877820667-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2877820667-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Hay\u0131r, sadece donan\u0131ml\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc basamak hastanelerde ve e\u011fitim ara\u015ft\u0131rma hastanelerinde uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3085138974\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3085138974-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-cihaz\u0131-ta\u015f\u0131nabilir-mi?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3085138974-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_cihazi_tasinabilir_mi\"><\/span>ECMO cihaz\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nabilir mi?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3085138974-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3085138974-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Geli\u015fmi\u015f baz\u0131 sistemler ta\u015f\u0131nabilir olsa da genellikle sabit yo\u011fun bak\u0131m cihazlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3552228358\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3552228358-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-sonras\u0131-rehabilitasyon-gerekir-mi?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3552228358-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_sonrasi_rehabilitasyon_gerekir_mi\"><\/span>ECMO sonras\u0131 rehabilitasyon gerekir mi?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3552228358-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3552228358-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, kas zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, solunum fonksiyonu ve psikolojik destek i\u00e7in rehabilitasyon gerekebilir.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1492701593\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1492701593-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-ecmo-\u00f6l\u00fcm-riskini-azalt\u0131r-m\u0131?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1492701593-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"accordion-heading\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECMO_olum_riskini_azaltir_mi\"><\/span>ECMO \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini azalt\u0131r m\u0131?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1492701593-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1492701593-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Evet, organlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc alarak iyile\u015fme \u015fans\u0131 sunar; ancak ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ciddiyetine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ECMO (ekstrakorporeal membran oksijenasyonu) tedavisi, kalp ve\/veya akci\u011fer fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi \u015fekilde bozuldu\u011fu durumlarda, kan\u0131n v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oksijenlendirilip karbondioksitten ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak tekrar dola\u015f\u0131ma verilmesini sa\u011flayan ileri ya\u015fam deste\u011fi y\u00f6ntemidir. Genellikle yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uygulan\u0131r. Bu tedavi, a\u011f\u0131r kalp yetmezli\u011fi, akut solunum yetmezli\u011fi, kardiyak cerrahi sonras\u0131 iyile\u015fme d\u00f6nemi veya akci\u011fer nakli bekleyen hastalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. ECMO, organlara oksijen deste\u011fi [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[234],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11064"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13733,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11064\/revisions\/13733"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dryavuzbesogul.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}